TEMPERATURE

We have developed integrated circuits for operation in the vicinity of 4K to above 150C. Our cryogenic CMOS experience includes focal plane signal processing electronics and micro power linear circuits. We are expert in the design of sub threshold linear circuits for application where power is extremely important (battery operated equipment, cryogenics or medical electronics). We have also developed complex mixed signal integrated circuits for planetary and asteroid exploration where cryogenic temperatures can be encountered. One of our devices is scheduled for the Martian surface where the operating temperature is approximately -130C.

The following animation shows how the drain characteristics of an N-channel field effect transistor changes over the temperature range from -100 to +150 degrees Celsius. These variations in device parameters must be accommodated -- as well as those from process variability, radiation effects, etc. -- for a design to be robust.

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